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Nerval

Gérard de Nerval · French writer, poet, essayist and translator (1808–1855) · 1808–1855

Appears in 146 videos · 329 passages, 183 of them in depth.

What Dominique Pagani says

Dominique Pagani calls Nerval his favourite writer, without making him his hero: this Romantic dreamer who went mad and took his own life serves him as an example of modernity and its dead ends1. He devotes the 2017-2018 workshop to Angélique. He sees it as an anti-novel built on the search for a book that cannot be found, as a way around the Riancey amendment, and leading to Rousseau's tomb. From the story he retains the legend told by a peasant: by refusing the king's money, Rousseau is said to have ruined the edifice of the monarchy2. He shows that the scene of the young girls of Senlis and a dream in Aurélia can each be obtained from the other "by multiplying by minus one"3. In Aurélia, he reads the overflowing of dream into real life, the maternal complex and an anamnesis that blurs at the moment the truth surfaces4. He also retains the phrase "ignorance cannot be learned" and the "half-drowsiness" of Sylvie, in which he sees the founding state of modernity. He further notes the self-mockery that closes the Romantic cycle, the attention to folk song and to the female voice5, and borders conceived as surfaces where one can remain.

  1. 1#4.4B Objections à Dominique Pagani4 Feb 2018 · 0:12
  2. 2Argent, travail, liberté3 Aug 2019 · 42:57
  3. 3#7 Réponses aux questions (suite)3 Dec 2020 · 8:07
  4. 49 #24 "C'est réglé comme du papier à musique !" • Nerval • Baudelaire • 2ème partie30 Jun 2021 · 44:30
  5. 5Musicosophie 2. De Lévi-Strauss à Nerval à propos de la musique3 Dec 2020 · 1:12:51

Summary produced automatically from 150 of the passages below, to be reviewed; the numbers link to the moment in the session.

Portrait: NervalWho is this?

Gérard de Nerval (French:; 22 May 1808 – 26 January 1855) was the pen name of Gérard Labrunie, a French travel writer, essayist, poet, and translator. He was a major figure during the era of French romanticism, and best known for his novellas and poems, especially the collection Les Filles du feu (The Daughters of Fire), which included the novella Sylvie and the poem "El Desdichado". Through his translations, Nerval played a major role in introducing French readers to the works of German Romantic authors, including Klopstock, Schiller, Bürger and Goethe. […]

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Text: Wikipédia, CC BY-SA 4.0, excerpt · Portrait: Nadar / Adrien Alban Tournachon, Public domain

Series · 4 Oct 2021#4 Nomad and sedentary - The case of Nerval
  1. 2:11Walks and MemoriesHe seems to wander at random in search of lodging, but the female voice and memories divert his route.
  2. 13:18AngéliqueThe arrest at Senlis recurs as an invariant of his walking journeys, told with humor.
  3. 29:12Daughters of FireThe preface to Dumas shows a rare control and lucidity in one considered mad.
  4. 58:16Walks and MemoriesFor the first time he speaks of his mother, dead in Silesia, and links his crises to the mourning that surrounded his cradle.
  5. 1:28:39AngéliqueThe original version contains the drowning episode, which Nerval removed out of modesty.
Season 9.2 · 9 Jun 20219 #23 "Ruled like music paper!" • Bach • Nerval • Lévi-Strauss
  1. 13:31AngéliqueJournalistic account written under the Riancey amendment, a journey longer than the Odyssey within a 50 km radius of Paris.
  2. 44:20AngéliqueThe Senlis passage superimposes the decline of the year, of the day, and of the buildings; fascination with the young girls' voices.
  3. 1:11:46AuréliaThe dream of the ancestor's dwelling is the text of Angélique multiplied by minus one.
  4. 1:22:30The ChimerasEl Desdichado and Myrtho: hesitation over identity, black grapes mingled with the gold of the braid.
  5. 2:17:27His work bends between the mother's tomb and the sage's grave; a unique effort to escape the personal novel.
Series · 6 Jun 2021#3 Nomad or sedentary? - The case of Nerval
  1. 0:00Found hanged on the rue de la Vieille-Lanterne after being refused a night shelter, on a frosty night.
  2. 15:27Walks and MemoriesCommented reading of the search for lodging, from Paris to Montmartre and Saint-Germain, in a tone of humor.
  3. 56:35El Desdichado"The prince of Aquitaine with the ruined tower" refers to the destruction of the lodging par excellence, the castle.
  4. 1:19:55Walks and MemoriesHis work unfolds like an omega between his mother's grave and Rousseau's.
  5. 1:27:46October NightsA young girl's voice at Pantin leads to the obsession with loss and to the universal.
Series · 3 Dec 2020Musicosophy 2. From Lévi-Strauss to Nerval on music
  1. 54:24Songs and Legends of the ValoisObsessed with popular song, he asks why it is not given more consideration.
  2. 1:08:17Daughters of FireWorries about the official cataloguing of songs: before writing, man sang.
  3. 1:12:51SylvieAdrienne's song broadens autobiography into the collective; the feminine voice is obsessive in his work.
  4. 1:16:56Exemplary of modernity, died in poverty; his absent mother was for him only letters read by feminine voices.
  5. 1:21:02SylvieNegative relation to the father, eliminated from transmission: "Father, you are hurting me."
Season 7 · 17 May 2020#8 • Harnessed to confinitude
  1. 53:56AuréliaReading of chapter 4: waking dream on the banks of the Rhine; the overflow of dream into real life.
  2. 59:20AuréliaNerval never knew his mother, who died in Silesia; the dream fulfills the desire to reach her tomb.
  3. 1:08:50AuréliaThe forget-me-not, "Vergissmeinnicht"; the dream blurs at the moment of the secret, without deliberate lying.
  4. 1:11:31The ChimerasArtémis and El Desdichado speak of the dead woman; the maternal village is called Mortefontaine — death at the source.
  5. 1:16:16The ChimerasAntéros: the return of the repressed in the gentle Gérard, rage against the victorious god, Abel and Cain.
Season 7 · 26 Apr 2020#6 • Harnessed to confinitude
  1. 13:49AuréliaClinical document where he records his visions; in this excerpt everything is red.
  2. 17:15AuréliaThe dream of the people of the mountain, white garments embroidered with pink: the middle term.
  3. 51:19AuréliaLocked in Dr Blanche's clinic, he sees against a mirror background universal history written in traces of blood.
  4. 1:08:01ArtémisHis mother, dead in Poland, explains the dismembered female body; mother and beloved merged.
  5. 1:14:21AuréliaPolitical lost paradise of a pure people who have overcome ignorance; he weeps as at the memory of a lost paradise.
Series · 23 Mar 2020Interview with Dominique Pagani: Introduction to the upcoming workshops
  1. 0:00AngéliqueHis discretion means that he reveals the link with the Odyssey only on the last page of Angélique.
  2. 4:11SylvieThe image of the vine-branch and the rosebush, taken up from the Chimères, reveals a signifier beneath the appearance of realism.
  3. 13:30AngéliqueSummary and reading of the story: unfindable book, censorship, Angélique's manuscript, detour through Ermenonville.
  4. 47:22The ChimerasHe avoids Mortefontaine, the maternal village; his mother is buried in Silesia; "La Treizième revient" speaks of death or of the dead woman.
  5. 1:15:40SylvieThe opening of Sylvie describes an undecided generation, taking refuge in the poets' ivory tower.
Season 4 · 16 May 2018#4.8 Angélique (by Nerval)
  1. 8:24October NightsHis mother, who died in Silesia, explains his sensitivity to the feminine voice, detailed in the chapter "Pantin."
  2. 12:56Walks and MemoriesHis last completed text, in which he mentions his mother for the first time: he never saw her.
  3. 20:22AuréliaCommentary on a dream in which the maternal figure is approached as never before, then blurred.
  4. 24:30AngéliqueThe narrative moves from Paris toward the Valois, the point where the Île-de-France, Picardy and the Valois meet: an author of borderlines.
  5. 37:14His death without a home, on a freezing night, and his last word to his aunt: "the night will be black and white."
Season 4 · 12 Apr 2018#4.7 Angélique (by Nerval)
  1. 4:33Translator of Faust at 19, a conduit of Romanticism, a freelance writer for a long time, he takes years to say "I" in his prose narratives.
  2. 27:30AngéliqueReading of the eleventh letter: as soon as one leaves Rousseau's tomb, the setting opposes the walk.
  3. 49:30AngéliqueReading of the last page: the chain of imitations leads to the Odyssey, then to the hell of the living and to the coats of arms.
  4. 1:27:25IsisThe end of Isis presents the cult of an immolated god mourned by a deified woman, of which the Passion is only a variation.
  5. 1:43:20SylvieVisit to the temple of philosophy and to Rousseau's tomb: the thirst for knowledge will remain eternal.
Season 4 · 15 Mar 2018#4.6 Angélique (by Nerval)
  1. 0:52AngéliqueFirst tale in Les Filles du feu, considered disjointed; an anti-novel built on the search for an untraceable book.
  2. 10:20A pen name that 'motherizes' him: Mortefontaine is the mother's country, she who died in Poland.
  3. 14:49SylvieReading of the passage on the period of the 1840s: the generation of disenchantment, between romanticism and modernity.
  4. 1:09:58AngéliqueDefends the peasant legend: Rousseau ruined the royal edifice founded by Henri IV.
  5. 1:16:00Journey to the OrientThe story of Adoniram repeats the same triangle as Henri IV, Gabrielle and Rousseau.
Season 4 · 12 Feb 2018#4.5 Angélique (by Nerval)
  1. 7:06AngéliqueText first published as a serial, whose chapters are letters; a route through three places, with digressions and apologies.
  2. 31:00AngéliqueThe arrest in Senlis; Nerval, whose real name is Labrunie, has an uncertain identity.
  3. 48:29The False Salt-SmugglersThe drowning passage, removed from Angélique, contrasts the ground that gives way with the ground that bears.
  4. 53:20SylvieThe same drowning, where the rescuer is the big curly-haired boy, foster brother and rival.
  5. 1:00:43AuréliaThe dream of an ideal city on high shows that the vertical dimension is an instance of madness.
Season 4 · 15 Jan 2018#4.4 Angélique (by Nerval)
  1. 2:26AngéliqueThe scene of the girls of Senlis says the same thing as Aurélia in inverse fashion; the real evaporates there into symbolic function.
  2. 3:30AuréliaText wrested from bouts of madness, written on Dr. Blanche's advice and found on him at his death.
  3. 50:24AngéliqueThe fourth letter: the finding of Angélique de Longueval, who recalls the mother, then the pull toward the boundary of three regions.
  4. 1:04:12AngéliqueThe banks of the Rhine restore his voice to him; he overlays Watteau's Cythera onto the ponds of the Oise; he has seen the gibbet of Cythera.
  5. 1:36:27AngéliqueThe ending likens the Abbé de Bucquoy to Ithaca; the novella moves from maternal repetition toward Rousseau's tomb.
Season 4 · 11 Dec 2017#4.3 Angélique (by Nerval)
  1. 5:12AngéliqueRecap of the comparison between the passage about the young girls of Senlis and a dream from Aurélia.
  2. 7:18Daughters of FireIn the preface to Dumas, he refuses to have his work reduced to madness and wants to be judged on the expression.
  3. 20:55AuréliaThe dream inverts the Senlis text term by term; this rigor need not be conscious.
  4. 1:14:41AngéliqueThe goal of the story is Rousseau's tomb, against the pull of the maternal tomb.
  5. 1:37:56SylvieThere is in him the double temptation of sublimated love and eros; Pandora combines both.
Season 4 · 12 Nov 2017#4.2 Angélique (by Nerval)
  1. 0:00AngéliqueText published as a serial in Le National in 1850, under the title Les Faux-Saulniers, then taken up again in Les Filles du feu in 1854.
  2. 5:59Daughters of FireThe preface to Dumas responds with irony to those who had believed him dead then mad, and shows a madman in full control of his discourse.
  3. 13:17El DesdichadoHis best-known sonnet was left as a calling card: in his work, major and minor works cannot be distinguished.
  4. 1:30:54AuréliaThe dream of the ancestor's dwelling takes up the Senlis scene while inverting it term for term, as in a mirror.
  5. 1:40:07SylvieAdrienne's song in the round, a fresh and veiled voice, illustrates his fascination with the feminine voice.
Season 4 · 18 Oct 2017#4.1 Angélique (by Nerval)
  1. 11:59Long classed among the minor romantics and the Bousingots; he is said to have swung on the chandelier at the battle of Hernani.
  2. 13:27AngéliqueA narrative first entitled Les Faux Saulniers, renamed upon the arrival of Louis-Napoléon; a text that only opens up on a second reading.
  3. 36:41SylvieHe condenses in one page the era of ebb that Musset describes over an entire volume.
  4. 53:37The ChimerasWidower of his mother, theater chronicler, psychotic; Les Chimères is the moment of madness, which is not pejorative from a creative point of view.
  5. 1:22:14AngéliqueThe only text in which he overcomes the personal novel to lead to Rousseau's tomb: an opening of repetition toward liberation.
Season 9.2 · 30 Jun 20219 #24 "Ruled like music paper!" • Nerval • Baudelaire • Part 2
  1. 16:11AuréliaAngélique and Aurélia superimposed show an antisymmetry; Nerval belongs to romanticism but exceeds it.
  2. 26:34AuréliaThe dream on the banks of the Rhine: every detail refers back to the mother's tomb and the maternal complex.
  3. 39:02The LoreleiOne of his first great prose works, a travel narrative.
  4. 44:30AuréliaNerval prevents himself from going through with the anamnesis: an amnesiac force blurs the truth that is surfacing.
  5. 59:30SylvieHe turns away from the mother's tomb toward Rousseau's grave, collectivizes his problem, and returns to the Enlightenment.
Talks · 18 Jun 2016At the bistro with Pagani: part 1
  1. 32:46AuréliaIn full delirium, Nerval cannot return to catechism: 'ignorance cannot be learned.' He forbids himself any regression.
  2. 49:52AngéliqueStarting from an amendment against the serial novel, Nerval raises the question of the boundary between history and the novel.
  3. 1:03:23His relationship to his father, his mother's grave in Silesia, his suicidal discretion; he precedes Baudelaire, notably on Wagner.
  4. 1:08:21Daughters of FireAngélique, eclipsed by Sylvie, names Ulysses; the journey on the Rhine makes him creative; he is the translator of Germany into France.
Season 10 · 24 Feb 2022#10 UKRAINE: From the problem of "Edges" to the unleashing of war
  1. 4:55Took up the title Lorelei from his friend Heine for one of his first prose publications.
  2. 16:24Walks and MemoriesReading of the passage on Célénie, a nymph whose dress hem is wet at the edge of the ponds of Commelles.
  3. 36:28Letter to Georges BellTouching the banks of the Rhine, he finds his voice again and composes a sonnet; Aurélia also begins on the banks of the Rhine.
  4. 55:02He was one of those for whom borders are not lines but surfaces where one can remain.
  5. 2:19:11Nerval's border-space is like an airlock.
Season 7 · 18 Apr 2020#5 • Harnessed to confinitude
  1. 7:41AuréliaAurélia, written on his doctor's advice, describes the outpouring of dream into real life; Nerval suffers from what is today called bipolarity.
  2. 12:52AuréliaReading of the extract: the soul floats uncertain between life and dream, a characteristic trait of the modern subject.
  3. 26:02AuréliaHe seeks help in religion but shows that ignorance cannot be learned, and hopes for the marvelous city of the future.
  4. 34:15Champion of mysticism, he answers that he has at least twelve religions.
  5. 58:47Mortefontaine, his mother's village, the most tragic toponym in his work.
Talks · 3 Aug 2019Money, work, freedom
  1. 28:02SylvieThe narrator loves an image; Nerval mocks the romantic hero and shows the ebb into dream after 1848.
  2. 32:29SylvieNerval becomes a historian: not killing love with gold is "an idea from another time," a recent progress.
  3. 42:57AngéliqueBy refusing the hundred louis, Rousseau ruined the edifice founded by Henri IV; his immortal image remains standing on the ruins.
Season 3 · 1 Aug 2017#3.3 From Ulysses to Daedalus
  1. 45:56El DesdichadoModulating on Orpheus's lyre the sighs of the saint and the cries of the fairy: a model for not choosing.
  2. 1:21:38AntérosHe takes the side of the pagan gods and of Cain against the victorious god; he assumes both to the point of madness.
  3. 1:24:23El DesdichadoThe three plunges into the Cocytus are his three internments; the siren and the Acheron are not Christian.
  4. 1:37:14Torn at once between the saint and the fairy.
Series · 29 Jan 2016What is to be done? 1/3
  1. 9:37AngéliqueThis story from Les Filles du feu, a pretext for the search for a book by the abbé de Bucquoy, leads to Rousseau's tomb; it is for him the longest journey in all of literature.
  2. 13:02AngéliqueHe reports the legend of Rousseau, Henri IV and Gabrielle, then judges it more profound than one might think.
  3. 17:38He pointed out, before Baudelaire, the radical novelty of Wagner.
  4. 25:20Journey to the OrientThe same triangle is found there with Solomon, the Queen of Sheba and the blacksmith.
Season 9.1 · 23 Oct 2020#2 Benefits and harms of amnesia...
  1. 3:00Daughters of FireIn the preface to Dumas he says his sonnets would lose their charm if explained, and calls himself mad with perfect self-control.
  2. 12:47AngéliqueHe shifts from a journalistic to a grave tone on the day of the dead and apologizes for a melancholy already out of fashion.
Season 5.2 · 29 Jul 2019#5.9 Kafka: An Imperial Message
  1. 23:11OctavieSpeaks of the islands of the Gulf of Naples in "Octavie."
  2. 57:28AngéliqueThe little girls singing at Senlis in the setting sun, in autumn, amid ruins: a gentle melancholy.
  3. 59:29El Desdichado"The Prince of Aquitaine at the ruined tower," a symbolic resonance of the towers of Senlis.
  4. 1:00:49AuréliaThe dream is the exact inverse of Angélique: an enlarged hall, springtime, great ladies and a vibrant voice.
Season 4 · 14 Jun 2018#4.9 Angélique (by Nerval)
  1. 8:46Once considered a minor Romantic, though two of his pages resolve a question that runs through contemporary reflection.
  2. 1:10:31AngéliqueHe presents himself as a reporter searching for a book about the Abbé de Bucquoy, then shifts into the symbolic with All Souls' Day and the Senlis scene.
  3. 1:19:07AuréliaThe dream of the ancestor's dwelling inverts the Senlis scene term by term, with a rigor that allows prediction.
  4. 1:19:27The Illuminated OnesCollection in which the story of the Abbé de Bucquoy appears.
  5. 1:20:29El Desdichado"The prince of Aquitaine at the ruined tower": the razed building, the opposite of the enlarged dwelling in the dream.
Season 4 · 4 Feb 2018#4.4B Objections to Dominique Pagani
  1. 0:12AngéliqueA romantic dreamer who ended mad and suicidal, taken as exemplary of modernity and its impasses; his favorite writer, but not his hero.
  2. 2:32Not quite apolitical: "I have only ever been in opposition"; his relation to Rousseau is a constant.
  3. 3:25SylvieSylvie, autobiographical, ends badly: he does not free himself from the personal novel.
Season 4 · 24 Sept 2017#4.0 Dominique Pagani, Presentation of the 2017-2018 workshop: Nerval's "Angélique"
  1. 5:56AngéliqueAngélique, the first of Les Filles du feu, is a neglected story that resists reading; it has neither the density of Sylvie nor the flashes of Aurélia.
  2. 6:15SylvieSylvie is a miracle of transparency and balance, wrested between two stays in a psychiatric clinic.
  3. 6:54AuréliaAurélia is somewhat the account of his madness, with its oneiric flashes.
  4. 8:11AngéliqueAround the quest for an unfindable book, published as a serial in Le National, he builds a kind of anti-novel, very modern for its time.
  5. 10:53The ChimerasLes Chimères often echo Les Filles du feu; he recommends the Folio edition that brings the two together.
Series · 29 Jan 2016What is to be done? 2/3
  1. 0:00AngéliqueBrings out around Rousseau the triangle of the king, the challenger, and the woman.
  2. 9:02AngéliqueWorks around the Riancey amendment through an anti-novel centered on a missing book; ghostwriter for Dumas in the theater.
Series · 23 Dec 2014I for Island
  1. 10:18SylvieNo one has thought this place as he has; he takes the side of art against nature and of the thirst for knowledge.
  2. 13:27SylvieFacing the island, he deplores the forgetting of the sage's lessons that the fathers knew.
Season 3 · 1 Aug 2017#3.5 From Ulysses to Daedalus
  1. 19:40October NightsThe first to speak of Edgar Poe, in passing.
  2. 47:17The Black SpotYouthful poem on the black spot after gazing at the sun.
  3. 1:10:19SylvieHalf-drowsiness makes one see, in a few instants, a whole period of life.
  4. 1:34:02"To make the sea's griffin rise and the sky's crane descend": uniting high and low.
  5. 1:49:48The black sun of melancholy is not foolish.
Series · 29 Dec 2014O for Opposition
  1. 3:31AngéliqueThe short story is an anti-novel built on pretexts; Nerval resists in it the quest for the dead mother to move toward Rousseau's grave, toward the collective stake.
Series · 29 Jan 2016What is to be done? 3/3
  1. 7:52Evokes Rousseau's tomb: his immortal image remains standing upon the ruins.
  2. 10:49Sent to the Netherlands to investigate book piracy, a post found for him by his friends.
  3. 1:05:46Repeats a joke of Crébillon's about the embroidered sofa.
  4. 1:10:56AngéliqueQuotes Senancour and reports the suppers of the illuminati at Ermenonville.

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